The Teacher Advancement Program requires the school schedule to be structured to provide a minimum of 120 minutes of pupil-free time each week during the regular school day for teachers and administrators to focus on specific instructional strategies and student work to effectively improve student achievement. This time is called a “Cluster” meeting and is facilitated by a Master Teacher and/or a Mentor Teacher. One of the major changes that has occurred as a result of this reform effort is the shift from a focus on ‘teaching’ to a focus on ‘learning.’ Before new concepts are taught, teachers administer pre-assessments to see what students already know, which allows them to individualize teaching for each student.  After the lesson has been taught, students are assessed to make sure they have learned the concept before moving on to something new.